30^th International Conference on Nutraceuticals and Natural Medicine January 28-29, 2019 Osaka, Japan

Today’s dietary supplements include herbals,  vitamins, minerals, and botanicals, amino acids, enzymes, and many other products. Dietary supplements come in a variety of forms: capsules, traditional tablets, and powders, as well as drinks and energy bars. Popular supplements include vitamins D and E; minerals like iron and calcium; herbs such as echinacea and garlic; and specialty products like glucosamine, fish oils and probiotics.

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A natural product is a substance or chemical compound produced by a living organism—that is, found in nature. In the broadest sense, natural products include any substance produced by life. Natural products can also be prepared by chemical synthesis (both semi synthesis and total synthesis) and have played a central role in the development of the field of organic chemistry by providing challenging synthetic targets.

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Probiotics are live microorganisms which when consumed may confer a health benefit to the host. Certain species of Bifi dobacteria spp. and Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) are commonly used in the manufacture of probiotic products because of their well-known beneficial effect to host health and they are Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS). Many studies have shown that probiotics can stimulate the immune system, alleviate lactose intolerance, decrease serum cholesterol, decrease diarrheal incidence, control infections, act as antibiotics, suppress tumors and protect against colon/bladder cancer.

Prebiotics are the food ingredients which are indigestible in the upper GI tract and reach the colon to beneficially influence the host by selectively promoting the growth and/or activity of certain bacteria in the colon. Consumers often take in moderate levels of prebiotics naturally from many fruits and vegetables including chicory, onion, leeks, garlic, banana, and asparagus. Thus, prebiotics are commercially extracted and concentrated from fruits and vegetables through the hydrolysis of polysaccharides from starch or dietary fibers, or through enzymatic generation. Prebiotics are mixtures of indigestible oligosaccharides, except for inulin which is a mixture of poly and fructooligosaccharides .

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Nutritional diseases are the nutrient-related diseases and conditions that cause illness in humans. They may include deficiencies or excesses in the diet, obesity and eating disorders, and chronic diseases such as  cancer, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. Nutritional diseases also include developmental abnormalities that can be prevented by diet, hereditary metabolic disorders that respond to the interaction of foods, dietary treatment and nutrients with drugs, intolerances and food allergies , and potential hazards in the food supply. Malnutrition is the impaired function that results from a prolonged deficiency—or excess—of total energy or specific nutrients such as protein, vitamins, essential fatty acids, or minerals. This condition can result from fasting and anorexia nervosa; impaired digestion and intestinal malabsorption; persistent vomiting (as in bulimia nervosa) or inability to swallow; or chronic illnesses that result in loss of appetite (e.g., cancer, AIDS). Malnutrition can also result from unwise food choices, limited food availability, or overzealous use of dietary supplements.

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Nutraceutical is the hybrid of nutrition and pharmaceutical. Nutraceuticals are food or part of food playing a significant role in modifying and maintaining normal physiological function that maintains healthy human beings. The principal reasons for the growth of the nutraceutical market worldwide are the health trends and the current population. The food products used as nutraceuticals can be categorized as probiotics, dietary fibre, prebiotics, polyunsaturated fatty acids, antioxidants and other different types of herbal/ natural foods. These nutraceuticals help in combating some of the major health problems of the century such as obesity, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, cholesterol, osteoporosis, arthritis, diabetes etc. In whole, it leads to the new era of medicine and health, in which the food industry has become a research oriented sector.

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According to a new technical market research report, Nutraceuticals: global markets and processing technologies (FOD013C) from BCC Research, the global market for nutraceuticals was worth $117.3 billion in 2007. In 2007, nutraceutical supplements have the second largest market share, generating $39.0 billion. This segment should reach $48.8 billion in 2013, for a CAGR of 3.8%.The nutraceutical beverages segment represents the fastest growing segment and is expected to have the largest share of the market by 2013. This segment was worth $38.4 billion in 2007 and is expected to increase to and $71.3 billion in 2013, for a CAGR of 10.8%.The global nutraceutical market is defined as aggregate sales of functional food, beverage and supplements fortified with bioactive ingredients including fiber, probiotics, protein and peptides, omega, phytochemicals and vitamins and minerals. Currently, foods, supplements, and beverages equally contribute about 33% each to the total global nutraceutical market.

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Marine resources are gaining much attention as a gold mine of biologically active materials with healing power. Most of these metabolites have shown unique structural and functional features compared to their terrestrial counterparts. With the understanding of the requirement and the benefits of nutraceutical supplementation to prevent increasing incidences of life-style-related diseases, marine nutraceuticals has gained high demands worldwide. Among large number of marine nutraceuticals, chitin oligosaccharides, glucosamine, omega-3 fatty acids, carotenoids, collagen, and fucoidan are popularly consumed.

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Dairy product, milk and any of the foods made from milk, including ice cream, yogurt, butter, cheese, and condensed and dried milk. Although milk is a liquid and often considered as a drink, it contains between 12 and 13 per cent total solids and perhaps should be regarded as a food. In contrast, many solid foods, such as carrots, tomatoes, and lettuce, contain as little as 6 per cent solids. The major components of milk are water, carbohydrate (lactose), fat, protein and minerals (ash). However, there are numerous other highly important micronutrients such as essential amino acids, vitamins, and trace minerals.

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The rising awareness of consumers toward the health benefits of foods and their nutritional benefits for potential health enhancement and disease prevention is the driving force of the global functional food and nutraceutical market. Functional foods are the medicinal foods that provide health benefits beyond essential nutrients and energy. Nutraceutical and Functional foods products are helping to improve health, reducing the healthcare costs, and supporting the economic development in rural areas. Growing demand for functional foods is also helping the producers to diversify their agriculture and marine-based crops and promoting innovation and research.

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Sports nutrition is the study and practice of nutrition and diet with regards to improving athletic performance. Nutrition is an important part of many sports training regimens, being popular in strength sports (such as bodybuilding and weightlifting) and endurance sports (e.g. cycling, swimming, running, and rowing). Sports Nutrition focuses its studies on the type, as well as the quantity of food and fluids taken by an athlete. In addition, it deals with the consumption of nutrients such as minerals, supplements, vitamins and organic substances that include carbohydrates, proteins and fats.

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Alternative medicine is the use and promotion of practices which are disproven, unproven, impossible to prove, or excessively harmful in relation to their effect — in the attempt to achieve the healing effects of medicine. Alternative practices, products, and therapies range from only ineffective to having known harmful and toxic effects. Alternative therapies may be credited for perceived improvement through placebo effects, decreased use or effect of medical treatment, or the natural course of the condition or disease.

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Pharmacognosy is the examine of drugs from the herbal starting place. The phrase pharmacognosy is a Greek word: "pharmakon" that means drug or medication, and "gnosis" which means know-how. The American Society of Pharmacognosy defines as "the have a look at of the bodily, biochemical, chemical, and biological properties of drug materials, medication, or ability pills or drug materials of natural origin in addition to the search for new drugs from natural assets". Plant arrangements are said to be medicinal or natural whilst they may be used to sell health beyond fundamental nutrition. The have a look at of medication from plants includes the topics of botany, chemistry and pharmacology.

Phytochemistry manages the synthetics that are gotten from the plants. The biochemical got from plants is distinguished, decontaminated, biosynthesized and are utilized as naturally dynamic mixes in Indian conventional pharmaceutical, Chinese medication.

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Conventional drug alludes to the information, aptitudes and practices in view of the hypotheses, convictions and encounters indigenous to various societies, utilized in the upkeep of well-being and in the avoidance, determination, change or treatment of physical and dysfunctional behavior. Conventional solution is frequently named option or integral prescription in numerous nations. Natural medications are the most well-known type of customary pharmaceutical and 70% to 80% of the Region has utilized a frame as essential medicinal services. 33% of the populace needs access to fundamental medications and the arrangement of protected and viable conventional and elective cures could turn into a critical method for expanding access to human services administrations.

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There is a developing enthusiasm for count calories based counteractive action of a few issue through nutraceuticals, to state, for instance, diabetes, coronary course illness, tumor, heftiness and some more. These days most ideally the hydrophobic medications are conveyed through tablets, liquid, and cases utilizing nano-emulsion, smaller scale emulsion and liposomes. Clearly, the growing energy for sickness anticipation made utilitarian nourishments and drinks to go about as a vehicle for some nutraceuticals items, for example, bread, cheddar, yogurt, and so forth. Bioavailability and bioactivity, emulsion, biopolymer-based Nano-conveyance framework, defensive conveyance framework, liposomes.

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